Computer Aided Software Engineering Case Advantages And Disadvantages' title='Computer Aided Software Engineering Case Advantages And Disadvantages' />Computer Fundamentals Quick Guide. Computer Fundamentals Quick Guide. Computer Overview. Todays world is an information rich world and it has become a necessity for everyone to know about computers. A computer is an electronic data processing device, which accepts and stores data input, processes the data input, and generates the output in a required format. The purpose of this tutorial is to introduce you to Computers and its fundamentals. Functionalities of a Computer. If we look at it in a very broad sense, any digital computer carries out the following five functions Step 1 Takes data as input. Step 2 Stores the datainstructions in its memory and uses them as required. Step 3 Processes the data and converts it into useful information. Step 4 Generates the output. Step 5 Controls all the above four steps. Advantages of Computers. Following are certain advantages of computers. High Speed. Computer is a very fast device. It is capable of performing calculation of very large amount of data. The computer has units of speed in microsecond, nanosecond, and even the picosecond. Computer Aided Software Engineering Case Advantages And Disadvantages' title='Computer Aided Software Engineering Case Advantages And Disadvantages' />Computeraided design CAD involves creating computer models defined by geometrical parameters. These models typically appear on a computer monitor as a. Software prototyping is the activity of creating prototypes of software applications, i. Principles and Practice of ComputerAided Translation from Peking University. CAD. CAM computeraided designcomputeraided manufacturing is a general term for a variety of technologies, including computer numerical control, rapid prototyping. Computer Fundamentals Quick Guide Learn computer fundamental concepts in simple and easy steps starting from Overview, Applications, Generations, Types, Components. DBMS A database management system is the software system that allows users to define, create and maintain a database and provides controlled access to the data. DEPT OF CSE IT VSSUT, Burla LECTURE NOTES ON SOFTWARE ENGINEERING Course Code BCS306 By Dr. H. S. Behera Asst. Prof K. K. Sahu Asst. Prof Gargi Bhattacharjee. Object oriented database OODB provides all the facilities associated with object oriented paradigm. It enables us to create classes, organize objects, structure an. Computer Aided Software Engineering Case Advantages And Disadvantages' title='Computer Aided Software Engineering Case Advantages And Disadvantages' />It can perform millions of calculations in a few seconds as compared to man who will spend many months to perform the same task. Accuracy. In addition to being very fast, computers are very accurate. The calculations are 1. Computers perform all jobs with 1. Storage Capability. Memory is a very important characteristic of computers. A computer has much more storage capacity than human beings. It can store large amount of data. It can store any type of data such as images, videos, text, audio, etc. Diligence. Unlike human beings, a computer is free from monotony, tiredness, and lack of concentration. It can work continuously without any error and boredom. It can perform repeated tasks with the same speed and accuracy. Versatility. A computer is a very versatile machine. A computer is very flexible in performing the jobs to be done. This machine can be used to solve the problems related to various fields. At one instance, it may be solving a complex scientific problem and the very next moment it may be playing a card game. Reliability. A computer is a reliable machine. Modern electronic components have long lives. Computers are designed to make maintenance easy. Automation. Computer is an automatic machine. Automation is the ability to perform a given task automatically. Once the computer receives a program i. Reduction in Paper Work and Cost. The use of computers for data processing in an organization leads to reduction in paper work and results in speeding up the process. As data in electronic files can be retrieved as and when required, the problem of maintenance of large number of paper files gets reduced. Though the initial investment for installing a computer is high, it substantially reduces the cost of each of its transaction. Disadvantages of Computers. Following are certain disadvantages of computers. No I. Q. A computer is a machine that has no intelligence to perform any task. Each instruction has to be given to the computer. A computer cannot take any decision on its own. Dependency. It functions as per the users instruction, thus it is fully dependent on humans. Environment. The operating environment of the computer should be dust free and suitable. No Feeling. Computers have no feelings or emotions. It cannot make judgment based on feeling, taste, experience, and knowledge unlike humans. Computer Applications. In this chapter, we will discuss the application of computers in various fields. Business. A computer has high speed of calculation, diligence, accuracy, reliability, or versatility which has made it an integrated part in all business organizations. Halloween 2 The Pirates Curse Setup New Email. Computer is used in business organizations for Payroll calculations. Budgeting. Sales analysis. Financial forecasting. Managing employee database. Maintenance of stocks, etc. Banking. Today, banking is almost totally dependent on computers. Banks provide the following facilities Online accounting facility, which includes checking current balance, making deposits and overdrafts, checking interest charges, shares, and trustee records. ATM machines which are completely automated are making it even easier for customers to deal with banks. Insurance. Insurance companies are keeping all records up to date with the help of computers. Insurance companies, finance houses, and stock broking firms are widely using computers for their concerns. Insurance companies are maintaining a database of all clients with information showing Procedure to continue with policies. Starting date of the policies. Next due installment of a policy. Maturity date. Interests due. Survival benefits. Bonus. Education. The computer helps in providing a lot of facilities in the education system. The computer provides a tool in the education system known as CBE Computer Based Education. CBE involves control, delivery, and evaluation of learning. Computer education is rapidly increasing the graph of number of computer students. There are a number of methods in which educational institutions can use a computer to educate the students. It is used to prepare a database about performance of a student and analysis is carried out on this basis. Marketing. In marketing, uses of the computer are following Advertising With computers, advertising professionals create art and graphics, write and revise copy, and print and disseminate ads with the goal of selling more products. Home Shopping Home shopping has been made possible through the use of computerized catalogues that provide access to product information and permit direct entry of orders to be filled by the customers. Healthcare. Computers have become an important part in hospitals, labs, and dispensaries. They are being used in hospitals to keep the record of patients and medicines. It is also used in scanning and diagnosing different diseases. ECG, EEG, ultrasounds and CT scans, etc. Following are some major fields of health care in which computers are used. Diagnostic System Computers are used to collect data and identify the cause of illness. Lab diagnostic System All tests can be done and the reports are prepared by computer. Patient Monitoring System These are used to check the patients signs for abnormality such as in Cardiac Arrest, ECG, etc. Pharma Information System Computer is used to check drug labels, expiry dates, harmful side effects, etc. Surgery Nowadays, computers are also used in performing surgery. Engineering Design. Computers are widely used for Engineering purpose. One of the major areas is CAD Computer Aided Design that provides creation and modification of images. Some of the fields are Structural Engineering Requires stress and strain analysis for design of ships, buildings, budgets, airplanes, etc. Industrial Engineering Computers deal with design, implementation, and improvement of integrated systems of people, materials, and equipment. Architectural Engineering Computers help in planning towns, designing buildings, determining a range of buildings on a site using both 2. D and 3. D drawings. Military. Computers are largely used in defence. Modern tanks, missiles, weapons, etc. Military also employs computerized control systems. Some military areas where a computer has been used are Missile Control. Military Communication. Military Operation and Planning. Smart Weapons. Communication. Software development Wikipedia. Software development is the process of computer programming, documenting, testing, and bug fixing involved in creating and maintaining applications and frameworks resulting in a software product. Software development is a process of writing and maintaining the source code, but in a broader sense, it includes all that is involved between the conception of the desired software through to the final manifestation of the software, sometimes in a planned and structured process. Therefore, software development may include research, new development, prototyping, modification, reuse, re engineering, maintenance, or any other activities that result in software products. Software can be developed for a variety of purposes, the three most common being to meet specific needs of a specific clientbusiness the case with custom software, to meet a perceived need of some set of potential users the case with commercial and open source software, or for personal use e. Embedded software development, that is, the development of embedded software, such as used for controlling consumer products, requires the development process to be integrated with the development of the controlled physical product. System software underlies applications and the programming process itself, and is often developed separately. The need for better quality control of the software development process has given rise to the discipline of software engineering, which aims to apply the systematic approach exemplified in the engineering paradigm to the process of software development. There are many approaches to software project management, known as software development life cycle models, methodologies, processes, or models. The waterfall model is a traditional version, contrasted with the more recent innovation of agile software development. MethodologieseditA software development process also known as a software development methodology, model, or life cycle is a framework that is used to structure, plan, and control the process of developing information systems. A wide variety of such frameworks has evolved over the years, each with its own recognized strengths and weaknesses. There are several different approaches to software development some take a more structured, engineering based approach to developing business solutions, whereas others may take a more incremental approach, where software evolves as it is developed piece by piece. One system development methodology is not necessarily suitable for use by all projects. Each of the available methodologies is best suited to specific kinds of projects, based on various technical, organizational, project and team considerations. Most methodologies share some combination of the following stages of software development Analyzing the problem. Market research. Gathering requirements for the proposed business solution. Devising a plan or design for the software based solution. Implementation coding of the software. Testing the software. Deployment. Maintenance and bug fixing. These stages are often referred to collectively as the software development lifecycle, or SDLC. Different approaches to software development may carry out these stages in different orders, or devote more or less time to different stages. The level of detail of the documentation produced at each stage of software development may also vary. These stages may also be carried out in turn a waterfall based approach, or they may be repeated over various cycles or iterations a more extreme approach. The more extreme approach usually involves less time spent on planning and documentation, and more time spent on coding and development of automated tests. More extreme approaches also promote continuous testing throughout the development lifecycle, as well as having a working or bug free product at all times. More structured or waterfall based approaches attempt to assess the majority of risks and develop a detailed plan for the software before implementation coding begins, and avoid significant design changes and re coding in later stages of the software development lifecycle planning. There are significant advantages and disadvantages to the various methodologies, and the best approach to solving a problem using software will often depend on the type of problem. If the problem is well understood and a solution can be effectively planned out ahead of time, the more waterfall based approach may work the best. If, on the other hand, the problem is unique at least to the development team and the structure of the software solution cannot be easily envisioned, then a more extreme incremental approach may work best. Software development activitieseditIdentification of neededitThe sources of ideas for software products are plenteous. These ideas can come from market research including the demographics of potential new customers, existing customers, sales prospects who rejected the product, other internal software development staff, or a creative third party. Ideas for software products are usually first evaluated by marketing personnel for economic feasibility, for fit with existing channels distribution, for possible effects on existing product lines, required features, and for fit with the companys marketing objectives. In a marketing evaluation phase, the cost and time assumptions become evaluated. A decision is reached early in the first phase as to whether, based on the more detailed information generated by the marketing and development staff, the project should be pursued further. In the book Great Software Debates, Alan M. Davis states in the chapter Requirements, subchapter The Missing Piece of Software DevelopmentStudents of engineering learn engineering and are rarely exposed to finance or marketing. Students of marketing learn marketing and are rarely exposed to finance or engineering. Most of us become specialists in just one area. To complicate matters, few of us meet interdisciplinary people in the workforce, so there are few roles to mimic. Yet, software product planning is critical to the development success and absolutely requires knowledge of multiple disciplines. Because software development may involve compromising or going beyond what is required by the client, a software development project may stray into less technical concerns such as human resources, risk management, intellectual property, budgeting, crisis management, etc. These processes may also cause the role of business development to overlap with software development. PlanningeditPlanning is an objective of each and every activity, where we want to discover things that belong to the project. An important task in creating a software program is extracting the requirements or requirements analysis. Customers typically have an abstract idea of what they want as an end result but do not know what software should do. Skilled and experienced software engineers recognize incomplete, ambiguous, or even contradictory requirements at this point. Frequently demonstrating live code may help reduce the risk that the requirements are incorrect. Although much effort is put in the requirements phase to ensure that requirements are complete and consistent, rarely that is the case leaving the software design phase as the most influential one when it comes to minimizing the effects of new or changing requirements.