Introduction to Twin. SAFE Contact and Coil. This chapter is part of the Twin. CAT 3 Tutorial. When we talk about Safety in industrial automation, were talking about specific functions of our machines, equipment and our processes related to the safeguarding of people. In most places there are legal requirements for machine safeguarding, and those regulations are generally based on national and international standards e. CSA Z4. 32 0. 4 in Canada, but can vary between regions and nations. It is generally the role of a Professional Engineer to at least review and stamp the design of a safety system, though this can vary between jurisdictions. Safety systems concern themselves with the control of energy. All sources of energy and all stored energy in a system must be accounted for and controlled. Now that we have created our serial port object and opened the port, we now want to read from the serial port. Here are the basic read functions there are several. 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This includes electrical, pneumatic, and hydraulic sources, and includes potential energy stored in suspended loads, springs, compressed air, and kinetic energy of moving parts. Safety systems work by interrupting sources of energy and controlling potential or kinetic energy. Safety systems also involve proper mechanical guarding of a machine so that operators cant come in contact with dangerous areas of the machine while sources of energy are connected or potential energy is uncontrolled. A properly designed safety system consists of process, mechanical, electrical, and increasingly software elements that combine to form a safe working condition for machine operators and maintenance personnel. The demands on the reliability of the electrical and software elements are strong enough that ordinary electrical components and PLCs are unacceptable for use. In general and this depends on specific cases electrical and software components must be designed in such a way that any single component failure wont lead to a loss of safety function, and the failure is detected and reported, and prevents further operation of the machine until its repaired. Take, for example, an electrical relay. A typical relay is unsuitable for use in a safety system for at least 2 reasons The relay can fail typically by contact welding in the on position resulting in the loss of its capability to interrupt a source of electrical energy. We typically detect failure of a relay by monitoring a normally closed contact. Depending on the construction of the relay, the failure may not be detected if the normally closed contact isnt mechanically linked to the normally open contacts. In order to reliably interrupt an electrical energy source in a way that a single component failure doesnt cause a loss of safety function, and the fault is detected, you typically use two force guided contacts relays. The use of two solves the first problem of single point of failure, and the use of force guided contacts solves the second problem of reliably monitoring the relays state. You can conveniently purchase a combination of two force guided contacts relays in this configuration, but it requires an external monitoring system to check for proper function. You can also purchase a safety relay with the two force guided contacts relays and the monitoring function all built in. Safety PLCs such as the Beckhoff EL6. Importantly, input devices such as e stop buttons, gate switches, light curtains, and safety mats are also constructed with redundant components and must be monitored for correct operation, and the EL6. As you can imagine, there are special requirements placed on the design of a Safety PLC. Just like any other device in a safety system, the failure of any component in the Safety PLC mustnt result in the loss of the safety function, and it must be detected. This includes both electrical and software components. The designs are then certified by 3rd party certifying bodies before theyre fit for use in a safety system. The Twin. SAFE module of Twin. CAT 3 is the programming software for Beckhoffs Safety PLC. The Twin. SAFE program you write is executed by the EL6. PLC program. Safety monitoring devices i. EL1. 90. 4 cards and safety output devices i. EL2. 90. 4 cards, both of which are certified safety devices. The communication between the EL6. EL1. 90. 4EL2. 90. Ether. CAT IO network. This is possible because the communication uses a special Fail safe over Ether. CAT FSo. E protocol. The FSo. E protocol is compatible with any Ether. CAT master that supports slave to slave messagingmapping. Driver Update Pro Registration Keygens. Each FSo. E device can monitor the status of the communication channel itself and can revert to a safe state i. Aside its worth noting that the FSo. E protocol seems to work by the Ether. CAT master routing data between the EL6. EL1. 90. 4EL2. 90. This is happening inside the Twin. CAT 3 real time, which is typically running inside ring 0 of a Windows PC. The question arises what could a malicious person who gained remote access to a Twin. CAT 3 PC do to the safety system The safety logic itself is supposedly password protected, but its not clear to me if the authentication is done inside the EL6. In my opinion, a malicious person who gained remote access to the PC could likely but not certainly modify the safety logic in the EL6. Ether. CAT masters handling of the FSo. E data and perform a man in the middle attack by making each safety component think the communication link was still working but feed false data to one or more devices, such as telling the EL2. Therefore a robust safety system design needs to take this into account and take reasonable steps to prevent remote andor unauthorized access to the Twin. CAT 3 PC. In most cases you, as a control system integrator, are not an expert in IT systems and certainly not an expert in IT security. Realizing this is step 1, and consulting a knowledgeable professional is step 2. While no system is 1. Adding the EL6. 90. EL1. 90. 4, and EL2. Cards. The most basic Twin. SAFE system needs the Safety PLC, an input card, and an output card. These are added to your IO bus in the typical way. Here Ive created a small test system with an Ether. CAT master, an EK1. Adding a Twin. SAFE Project. Right click on the SAFETY node in the tree in Solution Explorer and choose Add New Item from the context menu. That will pop up the Add New Item Twin. SAFE dialog Make sure Twin. CAT Default Safety Project is selected and enter a name for your safety project in the Name box highlighted. Click Add. Now youll see the Twin. CAT 3 Safety Wizard Enter your name as the Author and a descriptive Internal Project Name. Click OK. After a moment the wizard will create your new safety project Linking the Twin. SAFE Project to the Cards. Expand the My. Safety Project node so you can find the Target System node Double click on the Target System node so you can view the EL6. First you have to link it to the physical device the one you added in the IO tree. Click the link button circled in red above. You will see the Choose Physical Terminal for Mapping dialog Select the EL6. OK. Each safety device in a Twin. SAFE system has a unique FSo. E address, and this has to be set with dip switches on the physical card. This is set in binary. Refer to the cards documentation for how the switches map to binary values its not obvious by looking at the card, unfortunately. The FSo. E Address field in the EL6. You connect the safety project to the EL1. EL2. 90. 4 IO cards by creating Alias Devices for them. In the Solution Explorer tree, below the Target System node, expand the Twin.